FOUR CLASSES OF ORGANICS

FOUR CLASSES OF ORGANICS:

2-LIPIDS

Insoluble in water

Long chains of repeating CH2 units

Renders molecule non polar

four: carbs, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids

TYPES OF LIPIDS:

Fats: Long-term energy storage & thermal insulation in animals ; butter, lard

-carbs ultimately turn into fat.. fat is good in moderation

Oils: Long-term energy storage in plants & their seeds ; cooking oils

Phospholipids: Component of plasma membrane ; no-stick pan spray

Steroids: Component of plasma membrane; hormones ; medicines

Waxes: Wear resistance; retain water ; candles, polishes

BLUBBER. - fat, no meat.

TYPES OF LIPIDS: Triglycerides (1)

Triglycerides (fats)

Long term energy storage

Backbone of one glycerol molecule

Three-carbon alcohol

Each has an OH- group

Three fatty acids attached to each glycerol molecule

Long hydrocarbon chain

-saturated - no double bonds between carbons

-unsaturated - > double bonds between carbons

Carboxylic acid connects to -OH on glycerol in dehydration reaction

Carboxylic acid at one end

BASICALLY--

saturated - single bond, be sticky (bad for arteries) can bond together easier EXAMPLES: milk, butter

unsaturated - more than one bond EXAMPLES: corn, veg oil (slightly better for you)

TYPES OF LIPIDS: Phospholipids (2)

Phospholipids:

Derived from triglycerides

Glycerol backbone

Two fatty acids attached instead of three

Third fatty acid replaced by phosphate group

-the fatty acids are non-polar and hydrophobic

-the phosphate group is polar and hydrophilic

Molecules self arrange when placed in water

Polar phosphate "heads" next to water

Non-polar fatty acid "tails" overlap and exclude water

Spontaneously form double layer & a sphere

BASICALLY:

EVERY membrane in your body is like this.. it's confused doesn't know if it wants to be in water or oil so it can be in both

TYPES OF LIPIDS: Steroids & Waxes (3)

Steroids:

Cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen --body responds soo different to each, but basically the same.

Skeletons of four fused carbon rings (steroids because of their shape -- just in side group)

Waxes:

Long-chain fatty acid bonded to a long-chain alcohol (tend to be sticky, keep water out or in)

High melting point

Waterproof

Resistant to degradation --being degraded (broken down)

EXAMPLES: fruit, leaves, beeswax



SELF EVALUATION:
I've realized that i learn SO much more by taking notes & putting things into my own terms while Mr. Ludwig is teaching. It helps me understand more of what's going on. Therefore, I should start looking at the powerpoints online.. I know it isn't the same as him teaching but I believe it will help somewhat!